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JOHN

 
 

Name of the fourth book of the New Testament and the last of the four canonical gospels. It is not part of the synoptic gospels, i.e. Matthew, Mark and Luke, and is placed right after them in the New Testament. The Gospel of John is especially noted for its higher Christology than the three synoptic gospels, describing the nature and person of Jesus Christ as the incarnation of the divine Logos, i.e. God incarnate.

Though the author is not mentioned by name, the gospel's last chapter states that it derives from the testimony of the disciple whom Jesus loved’. Due to this, as well as its close relationship in content and style to the three surviving Epistles of John, early-church tradition attributes this gospel to John, one of Jesus' Twelve Apostles whom -along with Peter- was especially close to Jesus. However, many contemporary scholars dispute the authorship of the aforementioned epistles.

In contrast to the synoptic gospels, John focuses largely on different miracles, including the resurrection of Lazarus, whereas synoptic elements, such as parables and exorcisms, are not found in the Gospel of John.

Many scholars believe that the gospel's eschatological passages represent a realized eschatology, i.e. a view in which the final events in the history of the world do not to refer to the future, but instead to the ministry of Jesus and his lasting legacy, thus understanding its eschatology not as the end of the world, but as its rebirth, instituted by Jesus and continued by his disciples.

The date of its composition is estimated near the end of the first century, anywhere from 90 to 100 AD, and the main theory is that the Gospel of John was the last to be written among the four Gospels. In Greek, this gospel is known as Kata Iooaneen (Κατά Ιωάννην), i.e. ‘According to John’.

John Chapter 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21.

 

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